Gelderland
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- Category: 12 provinces
Gelderland is a province of the Netherlands, located in the central eastern part of the country.
Historically, the province (area) dates from states of the Holy Roman Empire and takes its name from the nearby German city of Geldern.
The capital city is Arnhem. The two other major cities, Nijmegen and Apeldoorn are very similarly sized, with the former having more inhabitants than Arnhem, the latter a few thousand fewer. Other major regional centers in Gelderland are Ede, Doetinchem, Zutphen, Tiel, Wijchen, Wageningen, Zevenaar and Epe.
Gelderland is the largest province of the Netherlands.
History
The current province of Gelderland covers about the area of three quarters of the historical Duchy of Guelders. Guelders was a county in the late 11th century and then a duchy in the Holy Roman Empire, including parts of the present-day Dutch province of Limburg and the German district of Kleve (Cleves). Geldern, the original seat of the dukes, today is in Kleve, Germany. In 1543, Gelderland became one of the Seventeen Provinces of the Habsburg Netherlands, though not one of the richer or more densely-populated provinces. During World War II, it saw heavy fighting between Allied Paratroopers, British XXX Corps and the German II SS Panzer Corps, also known as the Battle of Arnhem.
Geography
Gelderland is geographically divided into three regions: the Veluwe in the north, the Betuwe in the southwest and the Achterhoek (literally meaning the "back corner") or Graafschap (which originally means earldom or county) in the east.
Currently (2011), the municipalities in Gelderland are as follows:
Aalten
Apeldoorn
Arnhem
Barneveld
Berkelland
Beuningen
Bronckhorst
Brummen
Buren
Culemborg
Doesburg
Doetinchem
Druten
Duiven
Ede
Elburg
Epe
Ermelo
Geldermalsen
Groesbeek
Harderwijk
Hattem
Heerde
Heumen
Lingewaal
Lingewaard
Lochem
Maasdriel
Millingen aan de Rijn
Montferland
Neder-Betuwe
Neerijnen
Nijkerk
Nijmegen
Nunspeet
Oldebroek
Oost Gelre
Oude IJsselstreek
Overbetuwe
Putten
Renkum
Rheden
Rijnwaarden
Rozendaal
Scherpenzeel
Tiel
Ubbergen
Voorst
Wageningen
West Maas en Waal
Westervoort
Wijchen
Winterswijk
Zaltbommel
Zevenaar
Zutphen
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